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Gum disease or periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation
and infection of the gums and bone structure that hold your teeth in place.
It is estimated that 3 out of 4 people have some form of gum disease during
their life. Periodontal disease gradually advances from its early stage
(gingivitis) to the advanced stage (severe periodontitis).
Plaque - a sticky combination of bacterial and broken down food particles
that adheres to your teeth is recognized as the primary cause of
periodontal disease. If plaque is not removed each day by brushing and
flossing it hardens into calculus or tarter.
The more tarter builds up the more plaque builds up. It's a continuous
cycle that causes more and more destruction until the tooth weakens in the
jaw bone and is lost. While you can remove plaque with a brush and floss,
tarter can only be removed by a dentist or dental hygienist.
Genetics and lifestyle are also contributing causes for periodontal
disease. Smokers and tobacco chewers have increased risks. Diseases such as
diabetes, AIDS, leukemia, and osteoporosis also contribute to periodontal
disease.
In the early stages treatment involves removing the calculus that builds up
under the gums. A normal dental clearing is not sufficient to treat
periodontal disease. Antibiotics or antimicrobials may be used to help
reduce the bacteria.
Periodontal disease can usually be controlled depending on how far the
disease has progressed and how willing the patient is to accept
responsibility for proper home care.
If your general dentist believes that the disease requires specialized
treatment you will be referred to a periodontist
- a dentist who treats only periodontal disease.
If you think your may have periodontal disease contact
your dentist for an examination.
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